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BANTUNOMICS BTS-BEMBA
Gateway FSI Science Equations
BTS Module v0.5.2 · Guthrie M.42

The Bemba Verb Equation

An elegant and complete morphological framework. Bantu verbs operate as complex mathematical pipelines where prefix and suffix slots are bound to lexical stems to construct full sentences inside a single word.

The Structural Formula
Verb = S1 + S2 + S3 + S4 + S5 + S6 + S7 + S8 + S9

Pre-Initial (S1) + Subject (S2) + TAM (S3) + Object (S4) + Root (S5) + Extension 1 (S6) + Extension 2 (S7) + Final Vowel (S8) + Post-Final (S9)

Interactive Verb Builder

LIVE COMPILER
Dynamic Word Construction compiled via morphophonemics
nalimutemwenepo
n - ali - mu - temw - el - e - po
1SG - REM - 3SG.OBJ - love - APPL - SBJV - LOC16
📢 "I had loved him/her for (someone) at some point"
S1 Pre-Initial
S2 Subject Req
S3 TAM Marker
S4 Object
S5 Root Req
S6 Extension 1
S7 Extension 2
S8 Final Vowel Req
S9 Post-Final
Load Templates:

Word Deconstruction Spotlight

COMPLEX DECOMPOSITION

Fully Decomposed Example Verb

Explore how nine independent morphological slots coalesce into the remote past statement: "I had loved him/her for (someone) at some point".

S1
(∅)
None
S2
na-
1SG (I)
S3
-li-
REM (Past)
S4
-mu-
3SG.O (Him/Her)
S5 (STEM)
-temw-
Root (Love)
S6
-en-
APPL (For)
S7
(∅)
Active
S8
-e
SBJV (Mood)
S9
-po
LOC16 (There)
Unified Verb Form: nalimutemwenepo
Linear Interlinear Gloss: na-li-mu-temw-en-e-po → 1SG-REM-3SG.OBJ-love-APPL-SBJV-LOC16

Morphological Slot Matrix

BANTU STANDARD SPEC
Slot Slot Name Linguistic Function Morphemes Morpheme Inventory & Markers
S1 Pre-Initial Negation, Conditional, Hortative 4 forms
∅ (Default) ta- (Negation) nga- (Conditional) na- (Hortative)
S2 Subject Subject Agreement (6 persons + 16 Noun Classes) 17 forms
n- (1SG) u- (2SG) a- (3SG) tu- (1PL) mu- (2PL) ba- (3PL) ci- (CL7) fi- (CL8) li- (CL5) ya- (CL6) i- (CL9) shi- (CL10) lu- (CL11) ka- (CL12) bu- (CL14) ku- (CL15) pa- (CL16)
S3 TAM Marker Tense-Aspect-Mood (23 active TAMs) 14 forms
∅ (Default) -le- (Progressive) -la- (Continuous) -ka- (Distant Future) -a- (Past) -aa- (Remote Past) -aaka- (Future Habitual) -alaa- (Progressive Future) -ale- (Past Progressive) -ali- (Distant Past) -i- (Imperfect) -shi- (Persistive) -shila- (Persistive Progressive) -shaka- (Distant Future Hab. Neg.)
S4 Object Object Agreement markers 11 forms
∅ (Default) -n- (1SG.OBJ) -ku- (2SG.OBJ) -mu- (3SG.OBJ) -tu- (1PL.OBJ) -ba- (3PL.OBJ) -i- (Reflexive) -ya- (CL6.OBJ) -ci- (CL7.OBJ) -fi- (CL8.OBJ) -li- (CL5.OBJ)
S5 Root (STEM) Lexical stem denoting the base action or state 51 forms
-bomb- (work) -ly- (eat) -nw- (drink) -y- (go) -mon- (see) -temw- (love) -land- (speak) -is- (come) -end- (walk) -fway- (want) -ishib- (know) -laal- (sleep) -buuk- (wake) -shit- (buy) -sambilil- (learn) -sambilish- (teach) -fw- (die) -b- (be) -mfw- (hear/understand)
S6 Extension 1 Derivational suffixes (7 extensions) 8 forms
∅ (Default) -el- / -il- (Applicative) -esh- / -ish- (Causative) -an- (Reciprocal) -ek- / -ik- (Stative) -uk- / -uk- (Reversive Intrans.) -ul- / -ol- (Reversive Trans.) -am- (Positional)
S7 Extension 2 Voice markers (Passive, Reciprocal) 2 forms
∅ (Default) -w- (Passive)
S8 Final Vowel Terminal vowel carrying mood or aspect 6 forms
∅ (Default) -a (Neutral/Indicative) -e (Subjunctive) -ele (Perfective Mid) -ile (Perfective High/Low) -eni (Plural Imperative)
S9 Post-Final Locative enclitics and limitative markers 5 forms
∅ (Default) -po (Locative 16) -ko (Locative 17) -mo (Locative 18) -fye (Limitative)